Terms in this set 25 the clear eyed goddess athena son of cronos zeus who marshals the thunderheads zeus. The translation does make all the difference, and there are so many out there, a number very good, that it. In fact, they occur in almost every line, and are a characteristic feature of homers poems. This means that there are six metrical units, or feet, in each line. In book 22 of the odyssey, why does homer include epithets in the narrative, and what is the effect.
Holt literature textbook 9th grade unit 11 the odyssey. About the odyssey the odyssey summary character list glossary themes quotes and analysis books 14 books 58 books 912 books 16 books 1720 books 2124 symbols, allegory and motifs metaphors and similes irony imagery the fractal structure of epics literary elements related links essay questions quiz 1 quiz 2 quiz 3 quiz 4 citations. Zeus, to allow odysseus to return safely to his home in fthaca. Odysseus is polutlos muchsuffering and polumytis of many devices, crafty. Quia characters and epithets from the odyssey by homer. King alcinous and queen arete rule the seafaring phaeacians on the island of scheria. Throughout the poem, odysseus is a series of apparent contradictions, a much more complicated character than we would find in any stereotypical epic hero. Homer wrote the odyssey in a poetical meter called dactylic hexameter. It is a tag or nickname that can be used on its own or together with the real name. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. Epithet definition, any word or phrase applied to a person or thing to describe an actual or attributed quality.
Actually, the best example is odysseus loss of his cool at the end of book 9, when he has triumphed over the cyclops and is sailing away. The odyssey, like the iliad, was first told as a series of stories in the dark age of greece that came after the fall of the mycenaean kingdom in 1100 bce. A dactyl is a metrical foot consisting of a long sound followed by two short sounds beeeeat beatbeat. They are silent for a few seconds until alcinous speaks to assure odysseus that he will be returned safely to his home and to insist on even more gifts for the guest. If youve read any homeric poetry, like the odyssey or the iliad, youve surely encountered epithets, brief phrases describing a person or thing. There are other epithets for odysseus beginning with polu manymuch that homer selects on. The details are not articulated there either, but the story of ajaxs attempted rape of cassandra in athenas temple and the lack of punishment meted out to him by the greeks would have been well known. Learn odyssey book 11 english epithets with free interactive flashcards. Thus in the odyssey books 1 4 you will find several epithets including bright eyed athena sensible telemachus, rosy fingered dawn and wise penelope.
Here, the epithet used to describe odysseus expands from man of pain, to. Ithaca thrinacia scylla and charybdis sparta ogygia calypso mediterranean seaimportant characters in the odyssey in order of mention book 1 cyclopes sfklippcza race of book 12helios hcplcjsqthe sun god, oneeyed giants. Because book 5 presents the readers first meeting with odysseus, it is interesting that homer chooses to show him alone on a beach on calypsos island, apparently defeated and weeping. Summary and analysis books 68 odysseus among the phaeacians. While they have dinner eumaios talks about his master, he then. He cant stop himself from insulting polyphemus personally, for a reason ill mention, and worst of all, ins. Given the narrative complexity of the odyssey, foreshadowing plays an important role in the poem by reassuring the audience that, despite the many twists and turns of the plot, odyssey will ultimately return to his family in ithaca and defeat of the suitors. One of the most noticeable features of homers odyssey. In this epic greek poem, homer recounts numerous epithets for odysseus as well as for the other major greek characters in the poem.
Homer composed the odyssey in a meter known as dactylic hexameter, which gives the epic its elevated style. Choose from 500 different sets of odyssey book 11 english epithets flashcards on quizlet. Alright, so i need to find 3 epithets in the odyssey. In the odyssey, homer refers to odysseus many times as son of laertes, penelope as wife of odysseus, eurymachus as son of polybus, and zeus as king of kings. What central conflict is beggining to find resolution in this scene. For a succinct discussion, see norman austin 2009, 9293 from his essay name magic in the odyssey in l. Why does he use epithets so generously with the virtuous characters and so. Homer uses epithets constantly throughout the odyssey both because they fit the meter of the poem and because they act as mnemonic devices for both orator and audience. Literary devices of the odyssey book summaries, test. The epithet, goddess with the gleaming eyes is used to describe which character in the odyssey. Phemius, the renowned ithacan bard, outlines the tale early in the odyssey 1. In book 22 of the odyssey, why does homer include epithets. Kenning another type of epithet is a kenning, which is a compound or twoword metaphorical expression that replaces a noun.
How a fisherman on a jutting rock casts his bait with his long pole. A simple twosided handout for use with examining and understanding epithets in the odyssey. Epithets are used because of the constraints of the dactylic hexameter i. In the odyssey, homer employs most of the literary and poetic devices associated with epics. Epithets in odyssey book 2, 3 and 4 flashcards quizlet. The odyssey is a great story, i only wish i could read it in the original greek, but as i cant and i am far too old to learn now, i sought advice on which translate to buy. Odysseus stops telling his story, and the next day alcinous and others give him gifts. Richard the lionhearted is an epithet of richard i. Most readers will have heard the greek word pronounced and will have been told simply that it means city. However, his journey will be neither easy nor swift, and the pain he endures along the way is foreshadowed throughout the. We call it the dark age because we know so little about greek society at that time.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of the odyssey and what it means. But odysseus has an enemy among the gods, the sea god. A characteristic of homers style is the use of epithets, as in rosyfingered dawn or swiftfooted achilles. The book begins in a depressive tone, as telemachus and penelope despair of. The odyssey books 16 summary and analysis gradesaver. What is odysseus longing for home compared to in book. Yet what many people do not realize is that the word for city in ancient greek in the sense of a physical location is. Homer uses the various colorful epithets to fit in with.
What are some good examples of hubris in books 912 of the. What epithet describes odysseus at the beginning of book 1. Homers odyssey originally printed in california studies in classical antiquity 5 1972 119, available through jstor. One side provides background and detail for what epithets are, how they are used, and what they can reveal about a character. Mycenean greeks had fought the trojan war around 1200 bce, and stories of the great heroes and battles of that war that came to be called. Composed around 700 bc, the odyssey is one of the earliest epics still in existence and, in many ways, sets the pattern for the genre, neatly fitting the definition of a primary epic that is, one that grows out of oral tradition. Youve already seen how frequently epithets appear even just in the first few lines. The first five feet may be made up of either dactyls andor spondees. This particular blog post deals with necessary background to what is happening in book 2 of the odyssey. Im having a really hard time understanding what an epithet even is, much less finding them. At the beginning of book 1, zeus says he is fond of odysseus but that. The other side provides a table of characters in book. The odyssey book 14 literary elements in book 14 odysseus encounters his old swineherd eumaios. Man of twists and turns, much suffering and master mariner are all epithets of odysseus found in the odyssey by homer.
Book 1 book 2 book 3 book 4 book 5 book 6 book 7 book 8 book 9 book 10 book 11 book 12 book book 14 book 15 book 16 book 17 book 18 book 19 book 20 book 21 book 22 book 23 book 24 themes all themes fate, the gods, and free will piety, customs, and justice cunning, disguise, and selfrestraint memory and grief glory and honor. Throughout, odysseus is identified with the epithet, man of pain, or born for pain. The morning after odysseus rugged landing, athena disguised as a friend sends their daughter, nausicaa, and some of her handmaidens to wash clothes near the spot where the beleaguered hero. Achilles receives epithets based on the swiftness of his feet. When telemachus cannot believe his own eyes, and he says that odysseues is like one of the immortals. Eumaios welcomes him in his hut not knowing that that he is his master. Is this a homeric simile in book 17 of the odyssey. Alright, so i need to find 3 epithets in the odyssey book ix. It has various shades of meaning when applied to seemingly real or fictitious people, divinities, objects, and binomial nomenclature. Terms in this set 31 epithet or an homeric epithet.
Start studying epithets in odyssey book 2, 3 and 4. This page will chronologically list epithets in homers the odyssey without repeats as a resource for students studying the book. Homer uses the various colorful epithets to fit in with the meters rhythm. Get an answer for what are some examples of epithets from books 1012, 22, and 24 of the odyssey.
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